The 24-year-old, whose battle against drug addiction has overshadowed her recording successes, had been due to appear at the Rock En Seine festival in Paris.
"Amy Winehouse was regrettably unable to perform at the Rock En Seine show in Paris due to illness," her spokesman said in a statement late on Friday.
"She was taken ill at her house and wasn't able to travel to France for the concert."
During the last three months Winehouse has twice been rushed to hospital, most recently after suffering a reaction to her medication.
Her father has said Winehouse is suffering from the lung disease emphysema.
Winehouse's husband, Blake Fielder-Civil, was jailed recently after pleading guilty to beating up a pub landlord in 2006 and conspiring to cover up the crime.
The singer is due to appear at the Bestival festival on the Isle of Wight next weekend.
